Multiples, Factors & Primes

🎓 Mini-Lesson: Understanding Multiples, Factors & Prime Numbers

Multiples

What are Multiples?

Multiples are the numbers you get when you multiply a number by 1, 2, 3, 4, and so on. They're like counting in that number!

Example: Multiples of 3
3 × 1 = 3
3 × 2 = 6
3 × 3 = 9
3 × 4 = 12
3 × 5 = 15

So the multiples of 3 are: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21...

💡 Quick Check: A number is a multiple of another if you can divide it exactly with no remainder!
Example: Is 24 a multiple of 3? Yes! (24 ÷ 3 = 8 exactly)

Factors

What are Factors?

Factors are numbers that divide exactly into another number. They come in pairs!

Example: Find all factors of 12
Think: What multiplies to make 12?

1 × 12

2 × 6

3 × 4

So the factors of 12 are: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12

Example: Find all factors of 20

1 × 20

2 × 10

4 × 5

So the factors of 20 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20

💡 Remember: Every number has at least two factors: 1 and itself!

Prime Numbers

What are Prime Numbers?

A prime number has exactly TWO factors: 1 and itself. It can't be divided evenly by any other numbers!

Is 7 prime?
Factors of 7: 1, 7 (only two factors)
YES! 7 is prime ✓

Is 9 prime?
Factors of 9: 1, 3, 9 (three factors)
NO! 9 is NOT prime (it's composite)

First 10 Prime Numbers:

2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29

💡 Special Note:
• 1 is NOT a prime number (it only has one factor)
• 2 is the only EVEN prime number!
• All other prime numbers are ODD

🎯 Quick Summary:

Multiples: The times table of a number (3, 6, 9, 12...)
Factors: Numbers that divide exactly into another number (factors of 12: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12)
Prime: Only has two factors: 1 and itself (2, 3, 5, 7, 11...)

✏️ Practice Questions

Answer the questions about multiples, factors, and prime numbers.

🔢 Multiples, Factors & Primes

🎓 Mini-Lesson: Understanding Multiples, Factors & Prime Numbers

✏️ Practice Questions